Table 3 Potential strategies targeting gasdermins for cancer treatment

GSDMA3

A bioorthogonal chemical system

The Phe-BF3 selectively cleaved GSDMA3

Hela cell, EMT6, 4T1

[133]

GSDMB

Nanocapsule loaded with an anti-GSDMB antibody

Inhibition the expression of GSDMB

Breast cancer

[183]

GSDMC

Listeria

Increase GSDMC expression, recruit immune cells

Colorectal cancer

[185]

Daunorubicin, epirubicin, actinomycin-D

Increase GSDMC expression,

Breast cancer

[53]

GSDMD

Cisplatin

Activate caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, increase MEG3 expression

Breast cancer

[187]

Cucurbitacin B

Bind to TLR4 and increase ROS inductiona and cytosolic calcium release

Non-small cell lung cancer

[191]

ZrNPs

Induce GSDMD cleavage, activate caspase-1

Breast cancer

[192]

CXCR4-targeted nanotoxin

Interact with CXCR4 receptor

Colorectal cancer

[193]

Dimethyl fumarate

Inhibit GSDMD

Hepatocellular carcinoma

[116]

GSDME

Decitabine

Upregulate GSDME expression and switch apoptosis to pyroptosis

Breast cancer

[24]

Triptolide

Activate caspase-3

Head and neck cancer

[33]

Lobaplatin

Activate caspase-3

Colon cancer

[197, 198]

Cisplatin

Activate caspase-3

Non-small cell lung cancer

[199]

Carrier-free nanoplatform assembled with cytarabine and chlorin e6

Accumulate ROS and induce immunogenic cell death, release HMGB1, ATP and calcitonin, activate GSDME

Breast cancer

[200]

BNP

Activate caspase-3, promote cytochrome c release, increase GSDME expression

Breast cancer

[203]

CXCR4-targeted nanotoxins

Activate caspase-3

Head and neck cancer

[204]

Nanoruner platform

Activate phospholipase C signalling transduction in early endosomes

[209]

Metformin

Activate AMPK/SIRT1 signaling, promote NF-κB expression

Hepatoblastoma, colon cancer, breast cancer