Fig. 2From: CRISPR/Cas9 system: recent applications in immuno-oncology and cancer immunotherapyMechanism of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DSB and subsequent repair. When the sgRNA forms base pairs with target DNA, two endonuclease domains of Cas9 (the HNH and RuvC domain) create a site-specific double-strand break (DSB) into DNA. Subsequently, DSBs are repaired by non-humongous end joining (NHEJ) or homology directed repair (HDR) mechanismBack to article page